1919
Elaine, Arkansas, AR · On map
The Elaine massacre occurred in September 1919 when white mobs attacked Black farmers in Phillips County, Arkansas, who were attempting to form a protective union. Estimates of Black deaths range from 100 to more than 240, while five whites died. The massacre was one of the most severe incidents of racial violence in U.S. history, stemming from efforts by Black sharecroppers to secure fair compensation[2][12].
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