The Dawes Act (Indian Appropriations Act of 1887) authorized the federal government to divide Native American tribal lands into individual allotments, breaking up communal land ownership. This policy aimed to assimilate Indigenous peoples by forcing them into private farming and undermining tribal …
📍Washington, D.C., DC
👤IndigenousLand & treaties
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The Dawes Act (Indian Appropriations Act of 1887) authorized the federal government to divide Native American tribal lands into individual allotments, breaking up communal land ownership. This policy aimed to assimilate Indigenous peoples by forcing them into private farming and undermining tribal sovereignty. Millions of acres of Native land were subsequently sold to non-Native settlers.
In a group of five cases, the Supreme Court held that the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments did not empower Congress to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals[8]. The Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment only prohibited state-sponsored denial of equal protection, not …
📍Washington, D.C., DC
👤African AmericanCivil rights movement
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In a group of five cases, the Supreme Court held that the Thirteenth and Fourteenth Amendments did not empower Congress to outlaw racial discrimination by private individuals[8]. The Court ruled that the Fourteenth Amendment only prohibited state-sponsored denial of equal protection, not private acts of racism[8]. This decision effectively nullified the Civil Rights Act of 1875 and left Black Americans unprotected from private discrimination for decades[8].