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1935

institutional discrimination

Redlining and Racial Covenants: HOLC 'Security Maps' (New Deal Era)

United States (federal program; maps for 200+ cities) · On map

Redlining and Racial Covenants: HOLC 'Security Maps' (New Deal Era)
Image via Wikimedia Commons (1935)

The federal Home Owners' Loan Corporation produced 'Residential Security' maps grading neighborhoods; 'D' areas were often redlined, excluding Black borrowers and shaping decades of segregated wealth. Documented by the Mapping Inequality project and historians.

African American Housing & redlining Jim Crow