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1865

institutional legislation

Enactment of Black Codes

Multiple Southern States, US

Enactment of Black Codes
Enactment of Black Codes

Southern state legislatures enacted Black Codes in autumn 1865, restricting freedpeople's rights to work, move freely, and own property. These laws effectively forced Black Americans into dependent plantation labor, reinstating slavery under a different name and confirming white supremacy in post-Civil War America.

African American Labor Slavery & emancipation

Primary sources & references

Links, uploads, and classroom context notes.